The
business potential of the 4th industrial revolution lies not only in operational
process optimization, but also in its services for a wide range of
applications. The Internet of Things is therefore complemented by the so-called
“Internet of Services”, because smart products offer their capabilities as
intelligent services (Industrie 4.0: Mit dem Internet der Dinge auf dem Weg zur
4. industriellen Revolution, 2011)
Industry
4.0 is the digital transformation of manufacturing/production and related
industries and value creation processes.
Cyber-physical
systems form the basis of Industry 4.0. it refers to the intelligent networking
of machines and processes for industry with the help of information and
communication technology. Industry 4.0 is a shift from a central
industrial control system to one where smart products define the production
steps
To
understand Industry 4.0, it is essential to see the full value chain which
includes suppliers and the origins of the materials and components needed for
various forms of smart manufacturing, the end-to-end digital supply chain and
the final destination of all manufacturing/production, regardless of the number
of intermediary steps and players: the end customer.
Industry
4.0 has been defined as “a name for the current trend of automation and data
exchange in manufacturing technologies, including cyber-physical systems, the
Internet of things, cloud computing and cognitive computing and creating the
smart factory”.
The goal is to enable autonomous decision-making processes,
monitor assets and processes in real-time, and enable equally real-time
connected value creation networks through early involvement of stakeholders,
and vertical and horizontal integration.
Industry 4.0 is a vision, policy, and concept in motion,
with reference architectures & standardization
The majority of digitization and digitalization efforts, in
reality, happen in the context of third and even second industrial revolution
technologies/goals. Industry 4.0 is not ‘something’ you realize overnight. Just
as is the case with IoT deployments you need a strategic and staged approach. Industry
4.0 builds upon data models and data mapping across the mentioned end-to-end
product life cyle and value stream. All the technologies in Industry 4.0 need
to be seen in that perspective whereby integration is key.
With Industry 4.0, distributed data storage will become one
of the main challenges in terms of security .Here are four design principles
identified as integral to Industry 4.0
Interconnection — the ability of machines, devices, sensors,
and people to connect and communicate with each other via the Internet of
things, or the internet of people.
Information transparency — the transparency afforded by
Industry 4.0 technology provides operators with comprehensive information to
make decisions. Inter-connectivity allows operators to collect immense amounts
of data and information from all points in the manufacturing process, identify
key areas that can benefit from improvement to increase functionality
Technical assistance — the technological facility of systems
to assist humans in decision-making and problem-solving, and the ability to
help humans with difficult or unsafe tasks
Decentralized decisions — the ability of cyber physical
systems to make decisions on their own and to perform their tasks as
autonomously as possible. Only in the case of exceptions, interference, or
conflicting goals, are tasks delegated to a higher level
In a short statement , Industry 4.0 is not about
digitalization , it’s all about transparent interconnections and decentralized decision
making with the help of cybernetics , to create a world class value chain
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